本章主要介绍了企业外部环境分类和分析方法,包括一般宏观环境、行业环境、经营环境与竞争优势环境等三大类。其中,重点讲解了一般宏观环境的PEST分析方法,分析了政治和法律环境因素、经济环境因素、社会和文化环境因素以及技术环境因素对企业战略产生的影响。文章还通过保健品行业PEST分析的实例,说明了保健品行业在政府法规和广告监管方面存在的问题,并介绍了政府相关部门对此正在采取的措施。 This chapter inly introduces the classification and analysis thods of external environnt for enterprises, includin three cateories: eneral cro environnt, industry environnt, and operatin environnt and coetitive advantae environnt. An the the PEST analysis thod of eneral cro environnt is ehasized, analyzin the iact of political and leal environnt factors, econoc environnt factors, social and cultural environnt factors, and technoloical environnt factors on enterprise stratey. The article also uses the exale of PEST analysis in the health food industry to illustrate the proble that exist in overnnt reulations and advertisin supervision, and introduces the asures bein taken by relevant overnnt departnts.