记得刚才老魏跟客人吹唬宋徽宗那副鹰图的时候么?那个盒子里放了两个卷轴,老魏把鹰图拿出去之后,另一个客人将另一个卷轴顺手拿了出来,只是打开简单看了几眼又放回去了,当时的陈阳就在旁边,那人将卷轴展开之后,陈阳瞟了几眼,缂丝画上出现了几点漏光,就这一眼,陈阳断定了这是一幅缂丝图。
缂丝,也可说成,“刻丝”,是我国传统丝绸艺术品中的精华,缂丝其实并非真的用刀来雕刻,这是一种以生蚕丝为经线,彩色熟丝为纬线,采用通经断纬的方法织成的平纹织物。
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div纬丝按照预先描绘的图案,不贯通全幅,用多把小梭子按图案色彩分别挖织,使织物上花纹与素地、色与色之间呈现一些断痕,类似刀刻的形象,这就是所谓“通经断纬”的织法,是一种经彩纬显现花纹,形成花纹边界,具有犹如雕琢缕刻的效果,且富双面立体感的丝织工艺品,古人形容缂丝“承空观之如雕缕之像”。
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div我国古代缂丝工艺的出现至迟不晚于7世纪,但缂丝真正在艺术领域登堂入室乃始于北宋末年,受宫廷院画的影响,缂丝开始以摹缂名人书画为能事,“夺丹青之妙、分翰墨之长”,甚或造及“胜于原作”的境界。
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div历经元、明两代,皆有精品传世,至清代乾隆朝,随着天下的富庶繁盛,缂丝艺术的发展继而登上了宋以后的又一高峰。当时缂丝艺术品大量织造,并被收进皇家的书画著录,花鸟草虫、山水风景、人物故事、吉祥图案、诗文法书及佛像梵经,无不精细粹美。
古有